Engine cylinder block



April 9, 1935. G. EJEHRLING r I 8 ENGINE CYLINDER BLOCK 4 Filed llarch l6, 1933 s Sheets-Sheet 1 k v 3mm Y .izmagtf April 9, v G. E. EHRLING 1,996,798

ENGINE CYLINDER BLOCK Filed March 16, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 April e. EJEHRLING 1,996,798

ENGINE CYLINDER BLOCK Filed Mannie, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 i 9 m I l .76 i J 9 I .12 I l ,3, w I 53 gwvwniw Patented Apr, 9, 1935 UNITED STATES ENGINE CYLINDER BLOCK Gunnar E. Ehrli'ng, Detroit, Mich assignor, by

memo assignments, to General Motors Corporatlon, Detroit, Mich a corporation of Dela,-

ware

Application March 1c, 1933, Serlal no. 660,989.

6 Claims.

This invention relates to built up steel cylinders, particularly for internal combustion engines. Such cylinders have the advantage of lightness in weight and permit of a high power output without thermal distress. More particularly, the

invention relates to engines with piston controlled ports in the cylinder wall for the flow of gas or air into or out of the cylinder.

Specifically, it relates to built up U-type two- 10 cycle internal combustion engines, to the manner of forming the ports in the cylinder walls, and the construction of the cylinder head for such an engine. 1

One object of the invention is the construction of a U-type engine cylinder block having port conduits forcarrying' or continuing the ports in the cylinder wall through a water cooling jacket in such a way that the cylinder surfaces between the ports, and the sides of the port conduits may be adequately cooled.

Another'object of the invention is'the construction of a built up water jacketed cylinder head for such an engine.

A further object of the invention is the construction of a built up U-t-ype engine cylinder block complete with an integral non-removable built up water jacketed cylinder head and in which the water jacket of the cylinder head is connected with separate water jackets for the cylinder barrels to form a continuous water jacket spaced from and completely enclosing the cylinder head flange and the upper deck flange of the engine cylinder block.

A still further object of the invention is to form the parts of forgings and stampings of sheet steel or the like which can be simply and cheaply produced, the component parts being assembled together preferably by press fits and supported upon each other in such a way that the units are self-holding in their proper position in one complete assembly'ideally adapted for brazing into a single 'unit in one operation in a furnace with a reducing atmosphere.

The drawings show the application of the ina common combustion chamber) of a U-type twovention to two complementary cylinders (having moved showing the mounting of the port pieces around the cylinder barrel.

Figures 4 and 5 are enlarged perspective views, of inlet and exhaust port pieces respectively.

Figure 6 shows in part section an alternative method of mounting the port pieces in the cylinder barrel. Figure 7 shows in section a construction of cylinder head to be made integral with the cylinder block.

Figure 8 showsan alternative construction of integral cylinder head.

Figure 9 is a section on line 9-8 of Figure 8 on a reduced scale. v

,Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, I and 2 are two complementary cylinder barrels of steel tubing machined inside and out, and provided with inlet ports 3 and exhaust ports 4 controlled by the pistonsli and B respectively. The cylinder barrels are provided with a forged hold down flange! common to both and with a forged upper deck flange 8 which surrounds and unites the twocylinder barrels and has a bridge portion forming part of the combustion chamber between the two cylinder barrels.- Tubular water jackets 9 and H) with corresponding port openings are provided for each cylinder barrel I and 2, with a lower closure formed by the'hold down flange 7 and an upper closure constituted by a making up or extension piece I l and the upper deck flange 8.

In order to carry the gases through the water jackets and so that the surfaces between the ports may be cooled by the water of the jackets, port conduits l2 for inlet and I3 for exhaust, made from pieces of squaresection steel tubing all having their ends curved oneto fit the outer diameter of the barrel and the other the bore of the water jacket, are each dowelled by two small steel pins to the cylinder barrels in position-over the ports to bridge the cooling space.

As shown in Figure 2 of the embodiment of the invention illustrated, there are nine inlet port conduits I2 all arranged so as to direct flow therethrough in a direction tangential to the median circumference of the cylinder bore, and eight exhaust port conduits I 3 all arranged to give easy egress of the exhaust gasesin the outlet direction.

In an alternative form of port conduit construction the portconduits it are provided with a stepped down section l5 adapted to be plugged into the cylinder barrel ports as clearly shown in Figurev 6.

In any case the port conduits are firmly held in their proper position on the cylinder barrel and the tubular water jacket is pressed down over the cylinder barrel with its port conduits, the ends of the port conduits abutting against the bore of the water jacket.

In the zone betweenthe two cylinders not occupied by port conduits, C-shaped channeled sections l6 and I1, provided with cut away parts l8 forming ports for the flow of water, are pinned to the barrels I and 2 respectively and serve at one and the same time as water bailies to equalize the flow of water around all parts of the cylinder and as stays for the water jackets.

It will be appreciated that the port conduits and the channel section water baffles are located and held on the cylinder barrel and that the water jacket is a press fit over these parts.

It will also be appreciated that the outer surface of the cylinder barrel in the zone of the ports and between the port conduits together with the adjacent sides of port conduits and the inner surface of the water jacket between the port conduits define water conduits I9, connecting, together with the cut away parts l8 of the channel section water bafiies, the water space above the ports with that below. 20 and 2l are inlet and exhaust port chambers to lead gas into and out from the port conduits I2 and I3.

The forged cylinder head is provided with a suitable flange and where the head is intended to be integral with the cylinder block as shown in Figures 7 and 8 and not removable, it is found convenient to have the cylinder head and the upper deck flange to which it is attached, themselves cooled by a water space completely surrounding and enclosing them in which case the water jacket of the cylinder head is joined to an extension piece 32 of the cylinder'water jackets 9 and I0 spaced'from the upper deck flange. In Figure '7 the cylinder head and the upper deck flange each have flat planed surfaces forming the joint therebetween.

Where the cylinder head is removable as shown in Figure 1 the cylinder head water jacket is closed by the cylinder head and the extension piece ll of the cylinder water jackets B and I0 is closed by the upper deck flange, there being coincident holes 26 provided in the upper deck flange and the cylinder head to serve as passageways for the flow of water therethrough.

In every case the makingup or extension piece for the water jackets of the cylinder barrels forms a means for connecting the water jackets of the cylinder barrels and for providing cooling space under the bridge portion of the upper deck flange and for completing the closure between the water jackets of the cylinders and either the upper deck flange or the water jacket of the cylinder head.

In Figure 1 the cylinder head is composed of four pieces; the head proper 22 which is a machined forging, the water jacket a steel stamping 23, a spark plug bushing 24 and the water outlet pipe 25. In assembling, the water outlet pipe 25 is pressed into the water jacket 23, the spark plug bushing 24 is screwed into the head 22, and the water jacket is pressed over the head and rolled into the spark plug bushing with a special tool.

In the construction according to Figure 7, the head proper 28 is a machined forging provided with ribs 25. A spark plug bushing 30 is screwed into the head. The head is riveted to the top deck flange 3|. The water jacket 33 is rolled into the spark plug bushing 30 with a special tool. The water jacket extension piece 32 is already in position over the water jackets 9 and Ill. The head 28 with top deck flange 3| and jacket 33 is pressed into position, the top deck flange 3| over the cylinders I and 2 and the jacket 33 over the extension piece 32.

In Figure 8 the construction is the same as Figure 7 except that the rivets between the head and the top deck flange are dispensed with. The head 34 is pressed into the top deck flange 35 and the vertical edges 36 are die pressed over the head flange 31. i

There are certain advantages in having a plain butt joint between the flange of the forged cylinder head and the upper deck flange as shown in Figure 7 since these are machined parts and the machining of the lap joint of Figure 8 suitable for brazing is much more expensive than. the machining of the ordinary planed surfaces for the plain butt joint of Figure 7. As these parts are, however, subject tothe gas pressures in the combustionchamber tending to separate them, and in any case some means of holding the plain butt jointed assembly together in position is required, mechanical means such as the rivets of Figure 7 are provided to hold these parts together before brazing and to serve also as additional holding means after the joint has been brazed.

I claim:

1. In a built up U-type, engine cylinder block including a built up cylinder head, in combination, two complementary cylinderbarrels,anupperdeck flange surrounding and uniting the two cylinder barrels and having a bridge portion therebetween, a flange on the cylinder head adapted to be journaled to the upper deck flange to constitute with the bridge portion thereof a combustion chamber common to the two cylinder barrels, a water jacket for the cylinder head spaced from the flange on the cylinder head, separate water jackets for each cylinder barrel, a lower closure for the water jackets of the cylinder barrels, and a single means for connecting the water jackets of the cylinder barrels and for providing cooling space under the bridge portion of the upper deck flange and for completing the closure between the water jacket of the cylinder head and the water jackets of the cylinder barrels, consisting of a water jacket extension piece spaced from the upper deck flange.

2. In a built up engine cylinder block, a cylinder barrel, a water jacket for the cylinder barrel, a series of port conduits through the cylinder barrel and the water jacket, and water baflling means in that part of the space between cylinder barrel and water jacket not occupied by port conduits to equalize the flow 01' water in this space with that between the port conduits.

3. An engine cylinder block according to claim 2 in which the water baflling means comprise a component having ports for the flow of water therethrough and shaped to fit the space between the cylinder barrel and the water jacket to form a stay therebetween. I

4. In a built up engine cylinder block including a cylinder head in combination, a cylinder barreL'a water jacket forming a cooling space around the cylinder barrel, a top deck flange for the cylinder barrel, a flange on the cylinder head adapted to be joined to the top deck flange, a water jacket for the cylinder head spaced from the flange on the cylinder head, a lower closure for the water jacket of the cylinder barrel and means for cooling the top deck flange and for connecting together and completing the closure between the water jacket of the cylinder head and the water jacket of the cylinder barrel consisting of a water jacket extension piece spaced from the upper deck flange.

5. In a built up engine cylinder block including a cylinder head in combination, a cylinder barrel provided with port openings, a water jacket with corresponding port openings forming a cooling space around the cylinder barrel, port conduits through the cooling space around the cylinder barrel, water bailling means in that part of the space between cylinder barrel and water jacket not occupied by port conduits, a top deck flange for the cylinder barrel, a flange on the cylinder head adapted to be joined to the top deck flange, a water jacket for the cylinder head spaced from the flange on the cylinder head, a lower closure for the water jacket of the cylinder barrel and means for cooling the top deck flange and for connecting together and completing the closure between the water jacket of the cylinder head and the water jacket 01' the cylinder barrel consisting of a water jacket extension piece spaced from the upper deck flange.

6. In a built up engine cylinder block including a cylinder head in combination, a plurality of cylinder barrels, an upper deck flange surrounding and uniting the cylinder barrels and bridging the space between cylinder barrels, a flange on the cylinder head adapted to be joined to the upper deck flange to provide therewith combustion chamber space for the cylinder barrels, .a water jacket for the cylinder head spaced from the flange on the cylinder head, separate water 10 jackets for each cylinder barrel, a lower closure ;for the water jackets of the cylinder barrels, and

a'single means for connecting the water jackets oi the cylinder barrels and for providing cooling space under the upper deck flange including that 15 rels, consisting of a water jacket extension piece 20 spaced from the upper deck flange.

' GUNNAR E. EHRIJNG.

[(Seal) CERTIFICA'iE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,996, 798. April 9, 935.

GUNNA'R E. EHRLING.

It is hereby certified that erro above numbered patent requiring-correction as follows: Page 2 second column, line 35-36, claim I, for "journaled" readjoined; and that the said Letters Patent should he read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

. Signed aud sealed -thi s 2lst ay of May, A. D. 1935.

lies I ie Frazer .Acting Commissiouenof Patents.

r appears in the printed specification of the 

